The pneumatically-activated material developed by researchers takes a cue from the 3D bumps, or papillae for dynamic camouflage. These animals can also swiftly and reversibly morph their skin into a textured, three dimensional (3D) surface, giving the animal a ragged outline that mimics seaweed, coral, or other objects it detects and uses for camouflage.           Scientists have developed a stretchable and programmable camouflaging material inspired by the instantaneously changing skin of octopus and cuttlefish. For the octopus and cuttlefish, changing their skin colour and pattern to disappear into the environment is just part of their camouflage prowess, said researchers from Cornell University in the US.These animals can also swiftly and reversibly morph their skin into a textured, three dimensional (3D) surface, giving the animal a ragged outline that mimics seaweed, coral, or other objects it detects and uses for camouflage.
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The pneumatically-activated material developed by researchers takes a cue from the 3D bumps, or papillae, that cephalopods can express in one-fifth of a second for dynamic camouflage, and then retract to swim away without the papillae imposing hydrodynamic drag."Lots of animals have papillae, but they cannot extend and retract them instantaneously as octopus and cuttlefish do," said Roger Hanlon, from the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in the US."These are soft-bodied molluscs without a shell; their primary defence is their morphing skin," said Hanlon. The breakthrough by the team was to develop synthetic tissue groupings that allow programmable, 2D stretchable materials to both extend and retract a range of target 3D shapes."
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Engineers have developed a lot of sophisticated ways to control the shape of soft, stretchable materials, but we wanted to do it in a simple way that was fast, strong, and easy to control," said James Pikul, assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania in the US."We were drawn by how successful cephalopods are at changing their skin texture, so we studied and drew inspiration from the muscles that allow cephalopods to control their texture, and implemented these ideas into a method for controlling the shape of soft, stretchable materials," said Pikul."This is a classic example of bio-inspired engineering with a range of potential applications. For example, the material could be controllably morphed to reflect light in its 2D spaces and absorb light in its 3D shapes," Hanlon added.

Scientists invented a material capable of converting carbon dioxide into useful organic materials. After capturing the carbon, the converted material can be used to make polyurethane, a material with a wide variety of applications including clothing, domestic appliances, and packaging.Human consumption of fossil fuels has resulted in rising global CO2 emissions, leading to serious problems associated with global warming and climate change.One possible way to counteract this is to capture and sequester carbon from the atmosphere, but current methods are highly energy-intensive. The low reactivity of CO2 makes it difficult to capture and convert it efficiently."We have successfully designed a porous material which has a high affinity towards CO2 molecules and can quickly and effectively convert it into useful organic materials," said Ken-ichi Otake, Kyoto University materials chemist from the Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS).
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The material is a porous coordination polymer (PCP, also known as MOF; metal-organic framework), a framework consisting of zinc metal ions, according to the study published in 'Nature Communication'.The researchers tested their material using X-ray structural analysis and found that it can selectively capture only CO2 molecules with ten times more efficient than other PCPs.The material has an organic component with a propeller-like molecular structure, and as CO2 molecules approach the structure, they rotate and rearrange to permit C02 trapping, resulting in slight changes to the molecular channels within the PCP -- this allows it to act as a molecular sieve that can recognize molecules by size and shape.
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The PCP is also recyclable; the efficiency of the catalyst did not decrease even after 10 reaction cycles."One of the greenest approaches to carbon capture is to recycle the carbon dioxide into high-value chemicals, such as cyclic carbonates which can be used in petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals," said Susumu Kitagawa, a materials chemist at Kyoto University.After capturing the carbon, the converted material can be used to make polyurethane, a material with a wide variety of applications including clothing, domestic appliances, and packaging.This work highlights the potential of porous coordination polymers for trapping carbon dioxide and converting into useful materials, opening up an avenue for future research into carbon capture materials.

The season for movie awards followed by high-octane glam soirees has already begun, and we can’t stop but notice the flurry of metallic dresses and shimmering gowns on the famous red carpet dos across the world. As stylists decide to go bold for their celebrity clients, designers get to showcase their edgy side with unique metallic outfits. In 2020, the couture evening ensembles for starry appearance go beyond the regular as hues of metallic pinks, blues, teal, yellow and quartz rose take centerstage.So far, we have already seen some amazing outfits on Hollywood actresses like Zoe Kravitz (dressed like a legit gold trophy at BAFTA), Scarlett Johansson (shimmering teal gown at SAG awards) and Renee Zellweger (shiny candy pink dress at BAFTA). Whereas, Bollywood beauties like Priyanka Chopra, Deepika Padukone, and Kareena Kapoor have also flaunted stylish metallic outfits lately to shut the fashion police and fans alike.  
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As metallic colours and sequined details are a favourite on red carpet dos, the new twist with the trend is the advent of scooped necklines, low backs and off-shoulder dresses with bold cuts and strategic peek-a-boo designs. According to designer Rina Dhaka, minimalism with metallics is always good as she adds, “Metallic gowns in shades of lavender, champagne, and fuschia pink will be a hit in 2020. The bias cut, thigh-high slits, and bold sleeves along with slight cowl necks and midi skirts will be trending this year. Use of silver against thread work in a cotton thread and lace metallic details will be seen as well.”While body-hugging dresses in silver, gold, black and red are classic choices for celebrities, designer Tanvi Sawlani places her bets on offbeat combinations, as she mentions, “Outfits in copper, rose quartz, bright metallic colours like yellow, pink and citrus are some interesting combinations this season. The best way to style metallic shade/fabric is to keep accessories simple. Pair it up with signature earrings or bracelet - something to accentuate one of your best features is the way to go.”On the other hand, designers Suman and Khyati Nathwani look forward to seeing the advent of the metallic bottle green and red for celebrities.  
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The duo opines, “The best way to style metallics is by balancing the bold with simplicity. Celebrities are out to make statements, especially on red carpet events and metallic shades are meant to create that impact. For example, Aishwarya Rai Bachchan wore a metallic gold gown for Cannes 2019 and made a bold statement. Shiny fabrics like satin, lame and sequins are statement makers and will be quite popular this season.”Internationally, sequined bralettes worn with power suits are big on the red carpet and brands like Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Armani, Tom Ford, and Ralph Lauren are already promoting these looks. Fashion expert Renu Mehra shares her opinion and predicts, “The metallic look this year is a brave mix of the seventies and the futuristic look with oversized suits, shiny trimmings, and belts over the suits. Top designers are showcasing there versions in mosaic blue, metallic orange, Biscay Green to flaming saffrons and bright coral pinks. As the trend veers towards gender-neutral clothing, both men and women can experiment with monochrome shades and add pop metallic colours with accessories like bags, shoes, or even a bracelet. Makeup can be dramatic with emphasis on smoky eyes with a hint of metallic shine or nails and glossy nude lips to sparkle like a star in 2020.”

These ribbons can help melt ice on the blades of a chopper.A new nanotech coating can melt ice on helicopter blades and might offer a new way to de-ice aircraft, wind turbines, and power lines.In tests, the material melted centimetre-thick ice from a static helicopter rotor blade in a -200C environment. When a small voltage was applied, the coating delivered electrothermal heat —called Joule heating — to the surface, which melted the ice.The coating is a mixture of graphene nanoribbons in epoxy.  
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The nanoribbons, produced commercially by unzipping nanotubes, are highly conductive.Rather than trying to produce large sheets of expensive graphene, scientists in the lab of chemist James Tour at Rice University determined years ago that nanoribbons in composites would interconnect and conduct electricity across the material with much lower loadings than traditionally needed.Previous experiments showed how the nanoribbons in films could be used to de-ice radar domes and even glass, since the films can be transparent to the eye. “Applying this composite to wings could save time and money at airports where the glycol-based chemicals now used to de-ice aircraft are also an environmental concern,” says Tour.In lab tests, nanoribbons were no more than five per cent of the composite. The researchers spread a thin coat of the composite on a segment of rotor blade supplied by a helicopter manufacturer; they then replaced the thermally conductive nickel abrasion sleeve used as a leading edge on rotor blades.
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They were able to heat the composite to more than 930C. The team reported the findings in ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces.For wings or blades in motion, the thin layer of water that forms first between the heated composite and the surface should be enough to loosen ice and allow it to fall off without having to melt completely, Tour says.The lab reported that the composite remained robust in temperatures up to nearly 3150C.As a bonus, Tour adds, the coating may also help protect aircraft from lightning strikes and provide an extra layer of electromagnetic shielding.Scientists from Rice, the University of Akron, and the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, collaborated on the project. The Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Carson Helicopter supported the research.

Exports of medical instruments and devices rose 11 percent in the first four months from a year ago  China's exports saw a shock 3.5 percent rise in April. Chinas exports saw a shock 3.5 percent rise in April despite the global impact of the coronavirus pandemic, official figures showed Thursday, partly due to rising medical exports.But analysts warned of weakness ahead as key markets suffer downturns, as well as the brewing threat of a renewed trade war with the United States.Imports fell 14.2 percent on-year, a steeper drop than last month, according to the Customs Administration.
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A forecast of analysts by Bloomberg had predicted an 11 percent dive in exports and a 10 percent plunge in imports.Exports of medical instruments and devices rose 11 percent in the first four months from a year ago, according to customs data, while most other categories contracted.ING chief economist for Greater China Iris Pang told AFP that Chinas exports of medical supplies provided a boost as the rest of the world grappled with the pandemic.Pang added that while exports of clothing shrank, sales of textile yarns, fabrics and other products grew, implying they were used to make medical supplies.
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Beijing says it has been successful in largely curbing the spread of the virus in the country, and many businesses and factories are now back at work after months of closure.And Louis Kuijs of Oxford Economics noted that "April shipments may have been boosted by exporters making up for shortfalls in the first quarter due to supply constraints then".In the January-February period, the height of China's coronavirus outbreak, exports plummeted 17.2 percent.